Groove Quantum 18-qubit germanium spin processor

Raveh Neeman

doi:10.5281/zenodo.22674814

Groove Quantum · semiconductor spins · DEMONSTRATED (lab demonstration announced 30 Apr 2026; no fidelities or paper) (30 Apr 2026) · 18 physical qubits · access: n/a

architecture: Silicon / germanium quantum-dot spins · Open on the map

Register profile — the machine's variant of its architecture

qubit type: germanium quantum dots (hole spins) on CMOS-compatible processes

gate mechanism: all-electrical, faster 1Q gates without micromagnets thanks to stronger spin-orbit coupling; exchange 2Q

connectivity: nearest neighbour

control: baseband

control placement: room-temp baseband

readout: spin-to-charge conversion

gate evidence: no published figure

flags: no published error rates

Technologies by layer — the machine's cell per layer

1 Qubit carrier	Gate-defined quantum-dot spin (Si/SiGe, SiMOS, Ge) · primary ▨ 🔎 germanium quantum-dot hole spins on CMOS-compatible processes; 18 operational qubits (ANNOUNCED May 2026)
2 Encoding	Single-spin (Loss–DiVincenzo) / nuclear-spin encoding · primary ◌ 🔎 bare hole spin-1/2, Loss–DiVincenzo encoding
3 Gate mechanism	Exchange gate (spins; incl. shuttled-spin CZ) · primary ▨ 🔎 all-electrical 1Q via strong Ge hole spin–orbit coupling, no micromagnets; exchange 2Q; no fidelity numbers published
4 Connectivity / transport	Static nearest-neighbour lattice · primary ▨ 🔎 nearest neighbour
5 Control	Baseband electrical control (spins, Majorana) · primary ▨ 🔎 room-temperature baseband control
6 Readout	Spin-to-charge conversion + rf reflectometry · primary ◌ 🔎 spin-to-charge conversion
7 Code	— none — nothing in this layer ▨ 🔎 no QEC code
8 Decoder	— none — nothing in this layer ▨ 🔎 no decoder
9 Interconnect	— none — nothing in this layer ◌ 🔎 none
10 Manufacturing	300 mm CMOS foundry (spins, cryo-CMOS, superconducting wiring) · primary ◌ 🔎 CMOS-compatible processes for Ge quantum dots

evidence: ✅ 0 / 10

Pictures

Every picture carries the story of what it shows and its credit line.

Fig. 1 — Fig. 1: Device and measurement protocol of the 18-qubit modular array. a, False-colored scanning electron microscope image of the 18-qubit device. O… — A composite figure: a false-coloured scanning electron micrograph of an 18-qubit gate-defined quantum-dot array (100 nm scale bar), plus charge-stability maps and calibration plots. It is Fig. 1 of "Simultaneous operation of an 18-qubit modular array in germanium" by J.J. Dijkema, N.W. Hendrickx and colleagues. Each spin qubit sits under a blue plunger gate, with red barrier gates tuning the coupling between neighbours; the arrowed panels show the tune-up chain, from charge stability and Pauli spin blockade to Rabi and two-qubit spectroscopy. “Fig. 1 — Fig. 1: Device and measurement protocol of the 18-qubit modular array. a, False-colored scanning electron microscope image of the 18-qubit device. Ohmic…” by J.J. Dijkema et al., arxiv.org/abs/2604.01063, CC BY 4.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)