72-qubit neutral-atom (Rb) quantum computer prototype (50 qubits in Dec 2024)

Lomonosov Moscow State University with the Russian Quantum Center · neutral atoms · ANNOUNCED (claimed prototype; no paper) (Dec 2025) · 72 physical qubits · access: not disclosed

qubit type: Rb atom (qubit states not published)

gate mechanism: single-qubit operations reported; no entangling gate published

connectivity: ordered 50-atom tweezer array

control: optical tweezers (focused laser beams)

control placement: optics (room temperature)

readout: not published

gate evidence: a number stated by the vendor, protocol unstated

flags: no published error rates, press sources only, source not confirmed

1 Qubit carrier	Alkali atom (Rb/Cs) in optical tweezers · primary ▨ 🔎 single neutral Rb atoms held in optical tweezers; 50-atom ordered register (claimed Dec 2024)
2 Encoding	Hyperfine / clock-state qubit · primary ◌ 🔎 Rb hyperfine qubit assumed (family-determined); qubit states not published
3 Gate mechanism	Rydberg-blockade CZ · primary ▨ 🔎 Rydberg gate claimed at press level (94% two-qubit accuracy, Dec 2025); no paper
4 Connectivity / transport	Atom transport by AOD tweezers (zoned architecture) · primary ◌ 🔎 ordered 50-atom array implies tweezer rearrangement; transport not described
5 Control	Laser + AOD/SLM optical control (atoms) · primary ▨ 🔎 optical tweezers (highly focused laser beams) trap and address the atoms
6 Readout	Fluorescence imaging of atom arrays · primary ◌ 🔎 fluorescence imaging of the array assumed (family-determined)
7 Code	— none — nothing in this layer ◌ 🔎 no QEC code reported
8 Decoder	— none — nothing in this layer ◌ 🔎 no decoder; no QEC run
9 Interconnect	— none — nothing in this layer ◌ 🔎 single register; no inter-module link reported
10 Manufacturing	Optical / mechanical assembly (lasers, vacuum, objectives) · primary ◌ 🔎 optical/vacuum assembly (family-determined)

evidence: ✅ 0 / 10