← Quantum Technology AtlasТехнологии · Машины · Архитектуры · ОрганизацииEnglishעברית

Advantage

D-Wave Quantum

Advantage

D-Wave Quantum · квантовый отжиг · РАЗВЁРНУТА (Sep 2020) · 5000 физических кубитов · доступ: cloud (Leap) + on-prem sold

Профиль реестра — вариант архитектуры у этой машины (поля реестра — на английском)

тип кубита: rf-SQUID flux qubit (analog Hamiltonian carrier)
механизм вентиля: analog annealing evolution; not a gate
связность: Pegasus, degree 15
управление: on-chip flux DACs + superconducting control circuitry
размещение управления: on-chip flux DAC
считывание: QFP / SQUID flux readout through on-chip shift registers
свидетельство вентиля: опубликованной цифры нет
коды: qac
флаги: только ссылка на отжигатель

Технологии по слоям — ячейка машины на каждом слое

1 Носитель кубита
Потоковый кубит на ВЧ-СКВИДе (отжигатель) · основная ▤ §Experimental testbed (ADV1: 5,627 qubits, Pegasus, cryostat set point 12 mK) ✅
rf-SQUID flux qubit (analog Hamiltonian carrier); 5,000+ qubits; DEPLOYED Sep 2020, still in service
2 Кодирование
— none — в этом слое ничего нет ◌ 🔎
analog annealer has no encoding layer; the anneal architecture declares an empty L2
3 Механизм вентиля
Квантовый отжиг (аналоговая эволюция) · основная ▣ §Quantum annealing (Methods); Fig. 5 (dynamical scaling, ta = 7 ns and 20 ns quenches) ✅
analog annealing evolution; not a gate
4 Связность / транспорт
Дальние элементы связи на чипе (c-couplers, mm-масштаб) · основная ▣ Fig. 1 (roadway drawing of Pegasus P3: internal/external/odd couplers); §2 Pegasus family of topologies ✅
Pegasus topology, degree 15
5 Управление
Мультиплексирование потоковых ЦАП на чипе · основная ▣ Fig. 3–5 (Φ-DAC schematic, SFQ sources); Fig. 8 (XYZ addressing); §III Design and operation of a Φ-DAC ✅
on-chip flux DACs + superconducting control circuitry
6 Считывание
Считывание потока через QFP / СКВИД и сдвиговые регистры (отжигатели) · основная ▤ §readout (QFP shift register; microresonator frequency multiplexing) ✅
QFP-based shift registers move qubit states along horizontal and vertical tracks to edge microresonators read in parallel by frequency multiplexing; Advantage_system4 readout 17–235 µs, error ≤ 0.001 (solver properties)
Дисперсионное СВЧ-считывание (+TWPA, фильтр Парселла) · альтернатива ◌ 🔎
path-assigned ro_disp describes transmon readout, not annealer readout; actual is QFP/SQUID flux readout
7 Код
— (пробел Атласа: ∅G-qac) · основная ▤ abstract ✅
quantum annealing correction (penalty-repetition encoding) on up to 1,322 logical qubits of Advantage 4.1 (sweep 7 Oct 2026, source read)
8 Декодер
— none — в этом слое ничего нет ▦ 🔎
no decoder; QEC not applicable
9 Межсоединение
— none — в этом слое ничего нет ◌ 🔎
monolithic single QPU, no interconnect; no machine-specific source
10 Производство
Литография сверхпроводниковых кубитов (переходы Al/AlOx/Al, разводка из Nb, 300 mm) · основная ▣ §III.D Minimizing Φ-DAC footprint (6 Nb metal layers, 250 A/cm² trilayer); Fig. 9 (chip micrograph) ✅
superconducting flux-qubit lithography (in-house D-Wave process not published); no machine-specific fab source

Стандартные рекорды

степень связности → 15 neighbours · typical (Pegasus)
Sep 2020 · источник
источники: ✅ 7 / 11

Иллюстрации

У каждой иллюстрации — рассказ о том, что на ней, и строка авторства.

Fig. 1 — Figure 1: Realizing false vacuum decay on a quantum annealer. a The semi-classical energy landscape VV as a function of magnetization MM of a ferrom…
A five-panel figure of diagrams and data, not a hardware photograph: a double-well energy landscape, the anneal schedule, a drawing of the annealer's qubit graph with a spin chain embedded, a sunburst chart of bubble configurations, and a magnetization map. It is Figure 1 of "Stirring the false vacuum via interacting quantized bubbles on a 5564-qubit quantum annealer" by Vodeb, Desaules, Hallam and co-authors. It shows an annealer used as an analog simulator: spins start in a metastable 'false vacuum' and decay by forming bubbles of flipped spins. “Fig. 1 — Figure 1: Realizing false vacuum decay on a quantum annealer. a The semi-classical energy landscape VV as a function of magnetization MM of a ferromagnetic…” by Jaka Vodeb et al., arxiv.org/abs/2406.14718, CC BY 4.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
File:D-Wave-Washington-1000Q.jpg
A close-up photograph of a square processor chip named WASHINGTON, wire-bonded into a gold-plated holder on a green circuit board, with traces running out to fine-pitch connectors. Credited to Mwjohnson0 (2015-11-02); the caption identifies it as the D-Wave TwoX 1000-qubit quantum annealing processor, introduced in 2015 with 128,472 Josephson junctions. The pinkish grid in the centre is the repeated array of superconducting flux-qubit cells; the ring of hundreds of wire bonds shows how many control lines such a chip needs. “D-Wave-Washington-1000Q” by Mwjohnson0, commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:D-Wave-Washington-1000Q.jpg, CC BY SA 4.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
File:D-Wave Two 512 qubit Vesuvius chip.jpg
A photograph of the D-Wave Two 512-qubit Vesuvius chip mounted in its gold-plated package, ready for cooling to near absolute zero. Steve Jurvetson took it at D-Wave's Canadian headquarters during a board meeting (uploaded 2018). The processor is a quantum annealer built from superconducting rf-SQUID flux qubits. Notice how small the square silicon die at the centre is compared with the circuit board, connector strips and coaxial cables that carry its control and readout signals. “D-Wave Two 512 qubit Vesuvius chip” by Steve Jurvetson, commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:D-Wave_Two_512_qubit_Vesuviu…, CC BY 2.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)